As mobile networks continue to evolve, operators around the world are retiring legacy 2G and 3G networks to pave the way for 4G and 5G. However, the varying timelines for these "sunsets" risk leaving international roamers disconnected and widening the digital divide.
Operators in over 10 countries have already discontinued 2G entirely. In Europe alone, 8 operators plan to sunset 2G and 19 intend to retire 3G before 2025. While freeing up spectrum for advanced networks, without proper contingencies, these transitions could have adverse impacts:
- Exacerbating digital inequality if users from developing regions relying on older networks lose connectivity abroad
- Compromising safety if roamers cannot access emergency services on sunset networks
- Lost roaming revenues if operators cannot support customers from legacy networks
VoLTE (Voice over LTE) roaming arrangements could help bridge compatibility issues between newer and legacy networks. By converting voice to data, VoLTE enables roamers on 2G/3G networks to connect over 4G/5G networks that have dropped legacy support.
However, operators face obstacles like lack of interoperability, pricing variances, and device compatibility. Overcoming these requires extensive coordination and investment.
While migrating to advanced networks is critical, operators must balance innovation with inclusivity. Collaborative frameworks and standards can enable smooth transitions for roamers. Operators also have a responsibility to communicate changes proactively and incentivize upgrades to minimize disruption. Most crucially, failsafe emergency service access must be guaranteed.
The telecom industry's progress may seem like a "race" to the next milestone. But we must work together and avoid leaving people behind in pursuit of the next technology or revenue driver. Doing so is not just an ethical obligation, but also makes business sense to maximize opportunities in this transitional era.